Dental materials (DM) complete handwritten notes for BDS 2nd year

Dental materials notes for University exams

TABLE OF CONTENT

1)Dental cements

Definition

Uses of dental cement

Classification based on application

Classification based on bonding mechanism

Acid base cement

Zinc phosphate cement (composition, setting reaction, properties, advantage disadvantage)

Zinc polycarboxylate (composition, setting reaction, properties, advantage disadvantage)

Glass ionomer cement (classification, composition, setting reaction, properties, clinical manipulation)

Modification of GIC

Metal reinforced GIC

High viscosity GIC

Racing modified GIC

Calcium aluminate GIC

Compomer

Resin cements

Zinc oxide eugenol cement

Mineral trioxide aggregate cements

2)Dental implant materials

Definition

Classification of implants

Implant components

Placement of implant

Implant materials

Metallic implants- titanium, Cobalt chromium molybednum alloys, stainless steel, Other metals

Ceramic and ceramic coated implant materials

Polymers

Carbon and its compounds

 

3)Biocompatibility of dental materials

Definition

Biocompatibility requirements

Biological interface

Adverse effect of dental materials

Key principles that determine adverse effect from materials

Measuring biocompatibility

Biocompatibility of various Dental materials

(Bonding agents, resin based composites , dental casting alloys, glass ionomer cements, liners, varnishes, nonresin cements, Dental ceramics, impression material, barrier materials, soft denture liners, polymethylacrylate resins)

 

4)Dental amalgam

Definition

Introduction

Indications

Contraindications

Advantages and disadvantages

Classification of dental amalgam

Function of each constituent

Composition of conventional silver tin amalgam alloy

High copper amalgam alloy (characteristics, types, reaction)

Low copper conventional amalgam alloy

Properties

 

5)Dental casting alloys

Definition

Desirable properties of dental casting alloys

Composition of dental casting alloys

Base metal alloys

Nobel metal alloys

Properties of base metal alloys

Classification of dental casting alloys

 

6)Direct filling gold

Definition

Physical properties of pure gold

Advantages

Disadvantages

Indications and contraindications

Types of direct filling gold

Manufacturing process

 

7)Structure and properties of dental materials

Definition

Structure of dental materials

Arrangement of matter

Microscopic arrangement

Macroscopic arrangement

Surface properties of matter

Properties of dental materials

Biological properties

Properties of dental materials before mixing

Properties of dental materials after setting

Properties of dental materials during mixing and setting

Chemical properties

Electrical properties

Thermal properties

Physical properties

Mechanical properties

 

8)Tarnish and Corrosion

Definition

Tarnish formation and causes

Corrosion

Causes

Classification of corrosion

Galvanic shock

Effects of corrosion

 

9)Gypsum products

Definition

Application

Classification

Manufacturing process

Manipulation

Setting time

Steps of setting reaction

Factors affecting setting time of gypsum products

Setting expansion

Hygroscopic setting expansion

10)Dental composites

Definition

Indications

Contradictions

Advantages

Disadvantages

Composition

Types of composite

Why was hybrid composite research in material discovered

Classification based on Matrix composition

Classification according to polymerization reaction initiation

Classification according to viscosity

Uses of composite restorative materials

Properties of composite

 

11)Denture base resin

Definition

Function

Classification based on the usage

Classification based on method used for its activation

Classification based on processing technique

Classification based on thermal behaviour

Chemical stages of polymerization

Physical stages of polymerisation

Ideal requirements of denture base material

Heat activated denture base resin

Composition and manipulation of denture base resin

Compression molding technique

 

12) Die materials

Definition

Classification of die materials

Idea requirements of die materials

13) Dental waxes and casting defects

Definition

Classification of waxes according to origin

Classification according to use and application

Composition of dental waxes

Inlay wax

Types of inlay wax

Composition of inlay wax

Desirable properties of wax

Properties of wax

Casting defects

Definition

Classification

Distortion

Surface roughness and irregularities

Porosity

Discoloration

Incomplete casting or missing details

14) Impression materials

Definition

Desirable properties of impression material

Classification of impression material

Impression compound

Zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) impression paste

Non eugenol paste

Elastic impression materials

Agar

Impression tray

Alginate (types ,composition, reaction, properties, manipulation, advantages and disadvantages)

Elastomeric impression material

Silicon rubber impression material

15) Dental casting and investment material

Definition

Introduction

Requirements of an investment material

Classification of refractory materials

Composition of investment

Gypsum bonded investment

Phosphate bonded investment

Silica bonded investment

16) dental ceramics

Table of content

Definition

Properties

Uses and application

Classification of ceramics

Structure and composition

Classification of ceramic system

Methods of condensation

CAD/CAM ceramics

CAD/CAM systems

Essentials of CAD/CAM

Materials for CAD/CAM

Advantages and disadvantages

Methods of strengthening ceramic