ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

UNIT-I

BENZENE  AND ITS DERIVATIVES

* Evidences of benzene

(i) Structural evidence

1. Molecular formula

2. Aromatic compounds and Huckel’s Rule

3. Kekule’s model of benzene

4. Orbital overlap of benzene

5. Resonance model of benzene

6. Resonance energy of benzene

(ii) Synthetic evidence

A. Benzene is not straight chain structure

B. Benzene undergoes electrophlic substitution

C. Benzene undergoes hydrogenation reaction

(iii) Analytical evidence

A. IR Spectroscopy

B. NMR Spectroscopy

C. Mass Spectroscopy

* Reactions of benzene

a) Aromatic halogenation

b) Aromatic nitration

c) Aromatic sulfonation

d) Friedel-craft acylation and limitation

e) friedel-craft alkylation and limitation

* Substitution

– types of influences of substitution

– diffences of ortho-para and meta

*Structure and uses

A. DDT

B. Saccharin

C. BHC

D. Chloramine

B Pharma organic chemistry notes UNIT-I semester-III Handwritten Notes PDF