CONTENTS

1.Basics

2.Urinary system of humans

• Location and dimensions of kidney
• Structure of kidney
• Nephrons/uriniferous tubules
• Types of nephrons

3.Histology of nephrons

• Bowman’s capsule
• Proximal convoluted tubule
• Henle’s loop
• Distal convoluted tubule
• Collecting duct

4.Physiology of Excretion-Ultrafiltration,selective reabsorption,secretion

5.Ultrafiltration

• Renal blood flow
• Glomerular filtrate rate
• Filtration fraction
• Glomerular blood hydrostatic pressure
• Blood colloid osmotic pressure
• capsular hydrostatic pressure

6.Selective reabsorption

• At PCT
• At Henle’s loop
• At DCT

7.Diabetes-Diabetes mellitus and Diabetes inspidus

8.Tubular secretion

9.Mechanism of concentration of filtrate (Counter-current mechanism)

10.Regulation of kidney functions

• Role of hypothalamus (Feedback mechanism)
• Role of JGA
• Role of heart

11.Histology of Ureter and urinary bladder

12.Micturition

13.Diuretics

14.Excretory system of Earthworm and Cockroach